What are some 3D platformers that have great bosses?

[cold soup]

I find bosses in platformer games to be very hit or miss. In my opinion, bosses can only be as good as the combat mechanics they're built around, and a good amount of platformers either have no real combat mechanics or mechanics that are moreso meant to complement the platforming. This is why I feel platformers like Mario tend to have bosses that are not much more than "passable." There are, however, a lot of platformers that have a greater focus on combat, and therefore bosses that are far more engaging and important to the overall experience. Mega Man is an example of a platformer series that does bosses really well, in my opinion.

While I could list plenty of 2D platformers with great and even fantastic bosses, I can't list nearly as many 3D platformers that meet the same criteria. 3D platformers are rarer than 2D platformers, and a lot of the ones I've played fall under the Mario trapping I mentioned where they don't really have many engaging combat mechanics. 3D platformer bosses in my experience are either too simplistic and/or easy, follow that whole "dodge the attacks until the boss is vulnerable" formula that I personally don't find that engaging, or both. These trappings don't make bad bosses per se, but they make bosses that aren't special. However, once again, there are exceptions, and plenty I've probably never experienced.

So, what are some examples of 3D platformers you've played that have great bosses?

[Emral]

First thought:
You're sorta correct with the focus on platforming making the focus of the game on... platforming, rather than combat. But I'd go a step further and say that 2d sidescrolling games with a focus on combat (such as Contra, Zelda 2, Megaman) aren't platformers, but combat games with platforming elements.
So thinking about 3d games the same level of broadness, you might end up including games like Furi and Shadow of the Colossus, Risk of Rain 2 and other games that prioritize combat.
Solar Ash (really good game I recommend) exists at the intersection between an exploration platformer and Shadow of the Colossus, where you defeat the bosses by doing skilled platforming. So that's perhaps the direction you're imagining.

Second thought:
Generally though as you said since platformers tend to have limited combat mechanics, bosses are a bit of a strange concept to even have. An interesting series is Ori (and the blind forest vs ori and the will of the wisps). The first game doesn't have any bosses and instead capstones its levels with high-octane escape sequences that test the mechanics relevant to the area (they're awesome). The second game has more combat mechanics and has bosses and all of them suck so bad because they're not very well integrated into what you play the game for.
So if you look at, like, mario odyssey, I would consider the Moon Cave area to be a much more well-executed "boss section" than any of the big baddies you actually encounter in that game, since those don't really ever use any of the game's platforming mechanics and just exist as a means for a capture to have more screentime, mechanically. Mecha broodal stands out as an exception since you can just kinda style on it if you're good at the platforming.
But I think there are cases, like with Solar Ash, where a lot of the combat is mostly expressed through platforming, and Mario Galaxy actually pulls this off really well in a lot of cases with Megaleg, the toy bowser miniboss area, and even most bosses that just circle a small orb, because they integrate the game's unique level design into their arenas. I'd even say the stupid moles in cannons on their little towers are an example of a pretty great boom boom-like miniboss, as the game always throws them at you in a new configuration that requires you to change your approach. Not all bosses have to be extremely long "levels" to be good after all. If you're looking for massive spectacle with combat, I'd generally look out for games that don't advertise themselves as platformers, like I mentioned in the beginning.

[Ibaka]

the mechabroodal bossfight in super mario odyssey is a very good bossfight, my favorite actually. It is hard enough for it to not be a “one attempt” bossfight, and it isn’t too hard that it is frustrating to beat. There are slow strats (the intended way), and there are fast strats (the unintended way). The slow strat is the easier strat that beginners use, the fast strat is the harder, more complex way (speedrunners use it).